Diagram for Operation of WSNs
Diagram for Operation of WSNs
Monday, December 31
Acronyms Related to Wireless Sensor Network
| ACK | Acknowledgement | Packet or transmission got through OK |
| ACL | Access Control List | |
| AM | Amplitude Modulation | |
| AP | Access Point | |
| ARQ | Automatic Repeat reQuest | Sometimes called link level ACK or L2 ACK |
| ASK | Amplitude Shift Keying | A form of AM communication |
| BER | Bit Error Rate | |
| CDMA | Code Division Multiple Access | |
| CMOS | Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor | The standard family of processes used to manufacture integrated circuits. |
| CSMA | Carrier (or Channel) Sense Multiple Access | The channel is sensed before transmission is initiated. If the channel is busy, transmission is delayed. In some cases (e.g. Ethernet) the channel can be sensed during communication as well, in which case collisions can be detected (CSMA-CD). In wireless this is generally not possible, and only a subset of collisions can be avoided (CSMA-CA). |
| dB | decibel | One tenth of a Bell. 1 Bell = a factor of 10 in power. |
| dBm | deciBels relative to a milliWatt | 1 Bell is an order of magnitude in power, so 10 deciBels relative to a milliWatt is 10mW. -10 dBm = 0.1mW. -90dBm = 1 picoWatt |
| ESA | Electrically Small Antenna | Any antenna for which 2pa/l < 1, where 2a is the maximum dimension of the antenna. |
| FEC | Forward Error Correction | |
| FER | Frame Error Rate | |
| FM | Frequency Modulation | |
| FSK | Frequency Shift Keying | A form of FM communication |
| IETF | Internet Engineering Task Force | The organization that defines all of the internet protocols like IP, TCP, http, ftp, (www.ietf.org) |
| ITU | International Telecommunications Union | Major standards body |
| MAC | Medium Access or Medium Access Control | The Medium Access Layer is a sub-layer of the Data Link Layer, layer 2 |
| MAC | Message Authentication Code | In wireless communications this is usually called a MIC to avoid confusion with the Medium Access layer. |
| MIC | Message Integrity Code | |
| NACK | Negative ACK | Packet or transmission did not get through OK. |
| NET | Network layer | |
| OOK | On Off Keying | A form of AM communication |
| OQPSK | Offset QPSK | RF modulation used by 802.15.4 in the 2.4GHz band |
| OSI | Open System Interconnection | A 7 layer model for representing the hierarchy of communication systems. Generally given as: application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, physical |
| PDR | Packet Delivery Rate (or Ratio) | The fraction of packets that make it through a single hop with no errors. |
| PDU | Protocol Data Units | Data exchanged between layers in an OSI stack. |
| PER | Packet Error Rate | |
| PHY | Physical layer | |
| PM | Phase Modulation | |
| PSDU | Physical layer Service Data Unit | |
| PSK | Phase Shift Keying | A type of RF modulation, contrast AM and FM |
| QPSK | Quadrature PSK | |
| RF | Radio Frequency | |
| RSSI | Received Signal Strength Indicator | RSSI is a measure of how much power was received by the radio. Usually this is during reception of a packet, but sometimes just sampling the noise on the channel. RSSI is usually measured in dBm |
| TDMA | Time Division Multiple Access | |
| TDOA | Time Difference of Arrival | Used in RF location systems |
| TOF | Time of Flight | |
| TSMP | Time Synchronized Mesh Protocol | |
| WSN | Wireless Sensor Networks |
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